The Influence of Culture on Nigerian Architecture
November 2, 2024
Architecture in Nigeria is one that has been shaped to be a reflection of the rich Nigerian cultural heritage. It is shaped by different factors, such as the diverse ethnic groups, historical influences, and environmental factors in the country. There are some traditional architectural styles that we can associate with certain ethnic groups, especially in their various indigenous states. The Hausa-Fulani people have mud-brick houses with flat roofs and intricate doorways. The Yorubas use intricate wood carvings, ornate doorways, and complex roof structures. Igbos also have mud-brick houses just like the Hausas, but their houses are usually surrounded by farmlands.
There are also certain features of modern architecture that could be ascribed to traditional architectural features. Nowadays, there is the use of carvings and sculptures to depict ancestral and mythological figures. For instance, a number of homes now use the Nok art from Edo State for decoration. There are also certain traditional patterns that can be seen in frames and textiles for decorations. There is also the use of natural materials such as mud, clay, wood, and thatch in these houses.
The challenges that may arise in Nigerian architecture concerning cultural influences start from the fact that some of these traditional styles that promote cultural identity are slowly being lost in the modernity in the real estate industry. This can be seen in the rapid urbanisation that is starting to occur in the real estate industry. This urbanisation strains infrastructure and cultural heritage. And also, there is the need to adapt building designs that would mitigate climate impacts on the environment.
These challenges have also led to the rise of certain opportunities that abound in the industry. Investors, artisans, and professionals should look out for ways to revive culture in the real estate industry. They could look into preserving cultural heritage with traditional architecture. This would mean being creative about ways to infuse this traditional architecture into modern architecture. This would mean that they have to look into the use of eco-friendly materials and practices. These materials could be locally sourced, climate-resilient materials.
Nigerian architecture is very dynamic and all-encompassing as long as these professionals are intentional about the reflection of the country’s cultural diversity, historical influences, and environmental context in architectural plans. There is the need to document and look into preserving these traditional architectural styles, incorporating cultural symbolism in modern designs, and ensuring that all materials used are sustainable and climate-resilient.